The generation of solar energy holds tremendous potential globally, especially in India. Positioned advantageously as a tropical country, India benefits immensely from solar energy due to its geographical location. With almost year-round sunshine and approximately 3,000 hours of sun annually, India receives over 5,000 trillion kWh of solar radiation. This equates to nearly 4-7 kWh per square meter daily, making almost all parts of the country viable for solar energy generation.
 

India's commitment to solar energy is not only about mitigating the power deficit but also contributing significantly to green energy production. This effort helps reduce global climatic changes. Currently, India ranks as the seventh-largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the fifth-largest emitter from fossil fuel usage. With a substantial 4% of global emissions attributed to India, it is imperative to curtail carbon emissions by transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar energy.

India aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 20-25% and recognizes the pressing need to address CO2 emissions, which significantly contribute to global climate change.
 

In a nation like India, where energy generation is expensive and often insufficient, solar energy provides an excellent alternative. The country's burgeoning economy, industrialization, and increasing population have led to a growing demand for power, exacerbating the existing energy crunch. Thermal, hydro, and nuclear power stations primarily meet India's energy demands, but fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal are finite and increasingly expensive.

Addressing this crisis requires leveraging abundant renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and biomass energy. India is endowed with massive solar energy potential. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), via letter No. 238/6/2020 – EFM dated December 15, 2022, has set an ambitious target of 500 GW of non-fossil fuel-based energy capacity by 2030.